This paper draws on the authors more than 10 years of involvement in the action research experience of the Milan Community Network. It discusses the roles that community networks play in the Information Society: starting from a neat characterization of “online community”, community networks are presented as ICT learning communities, as local online communities and as complementary to Digital Cities. Finally, critical insights into institutional aspects of community networks are considered from the perspective of their sustainability.

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo indagar la relación entre feminismos y neoliberalismo a través de un abordaje basado en los conceptos de tecnología móvil (Ong, 2007) y promesa (Berlant, 2011). En esa clave, se intentará pensar la relación montaje-estructura y las formas de consenso y consentimiento que se ordenan en torno a la promesa neoliberal. Se trata de una lectura exploratoria que reúne herramientas analíticas que provienen del giro afectivo de los estudios feministas. A partir de ese entramado, se intentará (...) explorar algunos puntos posibles de intersección entre las lógicas de producción de consenso del neoliberalismo y las estrategias feministas hegemónicas y contrahegemónicas. (shrink)

Este trabajo indaga en algunas discusiones alrededor del problema de la materia, marcando puntos de encuentro y divergencias entre algunos elementos presentes en las teorías queer, los nuevos materialismos y el feminismo materialista francófono. Más específicamente, se preguntará por qué consecuencias teóricas y políticas podrían tener las diversas conceptualizaciones de la materia y lo material en las elaboraciones de cinco referentes indiscutidas de esas corrientes de pensamiento: Judith Butler, Paola Tabet y Nicole-Claude Mathieu y Elizabeth Wilson y Jane Bennett.

Los primeros parágrafos de la sección “El derecho privado” de la Doctrina del derecho de Kant incluyen el conjunto de los elementos sistemáticos que conciernen a la justificación de los derechos relativos a la propiedad. El propósito central de este trabajo es analizar la función sistemática del concepto de “posesión común originaria” en la doctrina kantiana de la propiedad, con especial interés en el sentido novedoso que adquiere ese concepto —que pertenecía a la tradición del derecho natural— en su reformulación (...) como un “concepto práctico de la razón, que contiene a priori, el principio según el cual tan solo los hombres pueden hacer uso del lugar sobre la tierra siguiendo leyes jurídicas”. (shrink)

El propósito de este estudio es el de centrar la atención sobre la coexistencia, en el curso de la transmisión de la doctrina de los _loci _en el Alto Medioevo de dos interpretaciones, las cuales, aunque surjan ambas de un comentario a los _Topica _de Cicerón, han originado una diversa, aunque notable flexión interpretativa del texto ciceroniano: el primer comentario realizado por Mario Victorino, el cual concibió los _loci _casi exclusivamente al servicio de la Retórica, el segundo llevado a cabo (...) por Boecio quien, por su parte, intentó restaurar la centralidad que los _Topica _tuvieron en la lógica aristotélica, subordinando los _loci _retóricos a los _loci _dialécticos. Mi conclusión es que la Alta Edad Media puede ser considerada con justa razón desde un punto de vista epistemológico como una larga _boetiana aetas_. Aunque el _corpus _de los escritos de lógica boeciana no estuviera disponible sino hasta la segunda mitad del siglo XI, Boecio de algún modo continuó sosteniendo con su impostación de método el esqueleto de la nueva estructura especulativo-teológica. (shrink)

El propósito de este trabajo es ofrecer algunas consideraciones acerca del rol de la sección “El derecho privado” de la Doctrina del derechode Kant. Se propone que el análisis de “lo mío y tuyo exterior”, que tiene lugar en la sección en cuestión, tiene la función de mostrar que existe un tipo de derecho subjetivo vinculado con la posesión de objetos externos al arbitrio: los derechos adquiridos. Estos derechos, al igual que el derecho innato, exigen, para su ejercicio efectivo, la (...) institución de un Estado legislado por la voluntad general. (shrink)

In the 17th and 18th centuries, the doctrine of just war was one of the most popular theories in international law. According to this doctrine, the right to war is an integral part of natural law and, under specific circumstances, morally justified. To my mind, Kant was a fervent critic of the theory of just war. He critically reformulates the rational and normative principles of right in a way that leaves no place for war as a legitimate procedure to resolve (...) a conflict between states. In section, I shall analyze the fundamental principles of ius gentium, in particular, the duty to leave the state of nature at the international level and the juridical form that the association between states must adopt. The exit of the state of nature between nations must generate an international legal framework that not only protects human rights but also safeguards the sovereignty of the peoples. In section, I shall examine Kant’s critique of the doctrine of just war in Zum ewigen Frieden and in the Rechtslehre, exploring why the idea of an ius ad bellum is incompatible with the critical reformulation of the right of nations proposed there. (shrink)

Se examina la posición de Kant con respecto a la vinculación del derecho con el impulso natural a la felicidad: si Estado se establece para satisfacer fines particulares, se termina justificando el despotismo y la rebelión popular. Se plantean dos hipótesis: a) el principio de la felicidad se debe reemplazar por la idea de una voluntad general legisladora como único criterio normativo-evaluativo de la legitimidad de la obligación política; b) este principio jurídico a prioriobliga al soberano y también al pueblo (...) a adoptar la perspectiva de la voluntad general para juzgar el poder político vigente. (shrink)

Este artigo examina os argumentos apresentados por Monroe Beardsley contra a tese de que a arte é essencialmente institucional. Beardsley mira sua crítica na versão mais bem elaborada de uma teoria institucional da arte, a teoria de George Dickie. Ele argumenta que Dickie usa o termo “instituição” de forma ambígua, como type e token, e que, afirmar a existência de um contexto institucional não é o mesmo que afirmar que as atividades que pressupõem este contexto são institucionais. Pretende-se mostrar que, (...) embora Dickie reelabore sua teoria a fim de fortalecer sua tese inicial, ele não consegue responderde forma satisfatória ao “Argumento Beardsley-Anscombe”. Além disso, este artigo apresenta e discute brevemente a última elaboração de Dickie, em que ele defende que a arte é uma espécie cultural. (shrink)

L’article analyse la fête béotienne des Daidala dont Pausanias a conservé le souvenir (IX, 2, 7–3, 8). Tant l’aition (introduit pour expliquer pourquoi l’Héra de Platées porte l’épithète de Nympheomene) que la description de la fête dans sa double forme de Petits et Grands Daidala présentent des aspects qui méritent l’attention. Le texte présente un scénario rituel assez complexe, probablement le fruit d’une longue stratification d’éléments d’origine diverse. La description de la fête que fournit Pausanias pose une série de questions (...) touchant au statut de l’image cultuelle, aux rites pré-matrimoniaux, à l’existence d’un cycle mythique d’Héra lié aux transformations physiologiques de la parthenos, à la signification politique de la fête pour les communautés béotiennes. (shrink)

This paper aims to analyze Schlegel’s critique of Kant’s political philosophy regarding two issues: the republican ideal and the justification of revolution. In the Versuch, Schlegel connects republic and democracy, and opposes Kant’s thesis according to which revolution is not morally allowed. The insurrection of the people is vindicated as a form of political action that aims at the institution of a republican regime. I argue that Schlegel’s view on revolution rests on two central claims: first, on a Rousseaunean account (...) of the people as a constituent power, and second, on the rejection of the Kantian doctrine about the unconditional necessity of the state. (shrink)

Para ofrecer una ruta de lectura del pensamiento feminista-deleuziano, se pone a discusión el concepto cartografía propuesto por Braidotti, respecto a la recepción y reelaboración de la inmanencia radical, y la diferencia sexual en la filosofía actual. Se propone un símil de dicha recepción en la teoría y estudios del arte, particularmente en México. A través de Metamorfosis. Hacia una teoría materialista del devenir y los conceptos clave como devenir-mujer y devenir-insecto, se entabla una relación con los feminismos visuales situados (...) en el sur global. El diálogo entre ambas recepciones, la filosófica y la artística, implica un acercamiento a la problematización y comprensión del conflicto capital-vida, además de las aportaciones posibles de la producción feminista, hace patente cómo se continúa en la teoría feminista actual una línea materialista, con profundas raíces clásicas, de una ontología del cuerpo. Palabras clave: inmanencia radical, devenir animal, metamorfosis, diferencia sexual. (shrink)

This volume contains the first modern commentary to Boethius's last logical monograph entitled 'De topicis differentiis', his most original work written around 522 A.D., just before the incarceration and death of the Roman philosopher. His textbook aims at providing a method for the discovery of arguments, that is an art that teaches how to solve any kind of question through the use of the topics, litteraly 'places' of our mind able to produce arguments subsequently developed into argumentations. Boethius inherited this (...) teaching from two different traditions, the Greek and Latin. In light of the differences found in them, the Roman scholar undertook the writing of the 'De topicis differentiis' precisely in order to show the possible way of reconciling these two philosophical traditions. In this way Boethius was able to disseminate a unified vision of this matter to the Latin world, restoring the centrality that the Topics had in the Aristotelian Logic and restoring their noblest function, that of being instruments at the service of the search for Truth. Finally, he also provided the list of the rhetorical topics by showing the differences with dialectical topics. This study provides a full reconstruction of the structure of the Boethian work, retraces and evaluates the sources, investigates the implications, and explains why the 'De topicis differentiis' remains a foundational work for anyone who wants to understand the development of European Logic through the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. (shrink)

Beginning with the Ciceronian divisions of rhetorical and dialectical topics as found, respectively, in the De inventione, the De oratore, the Partitiones oratoriae and the Topica, the purpose of this study is to collect all the lists that have been transmitted from Antiquity to the early Middle Ages in order to observe — mainly through the help of several diagrams put in the appendix — their alteration, as well as their preservation.

Humans share many aspects of existence and in Karen Green’s short book on Simone de Beauvoir, published as part of the new Cambridge Elements Women in the History of Philosophy series, she reminds...

Este trabajo analiza el argumento acerca de la aprioridad de la soberanía de la voluntad del pueblo en la sección El derecho público de la Doctrina del derecho. Allí Kant, más que presentar una tesis absolutamente original, como en la sección El derecho privado, en donde llega a la necesidad de la voluntad general legisladora a través del concepto de reciprocidad; sigue ideas de Rousseau y se centra en la libertad jurídica como dependencia de la ley que uno mismo se (...) ha dado. Sostendré que, por motivos sistemáticos, Kant lleva a cabo una idealización normativa de la volonté générale rousseauniana. No obstante, la distinción fundamental entre respublica noumenon y respublica phaenomenon no implica que, desde una perspectiva práctica, el ideal republicano esté completamente escindido del ámbito fenoménico. Muy por el contrario, la república pura ejerce una fuerza normativa sobre la praxis política. (shrink)

Este ensaio consubstancia uma reflexão tecida do interior da Teoria Crítica, conjugando aportes da Psicologia e da Filosofia. Para tanto, busca-se argumentos em 'Opinião, loucura e sociedade', de Adorno, para, a seguir, iluminar a temática delimitada - ensino da filosofia: preconceito 'versus' experiência-, juntamente a outros autores, propositores, também, da relevância da 'experiência' para a filosofia. Concebe-se o filosofar como expressão da auto-reflexão, do conhecimento forjado na experiência.

This book critically analyses the "mutual illuminations" between literature, religion, architecture, films, performative arts, paintings, woodworks, memes and masks cutting across time and space. In architecture for example, the eventual success of a project depends on the harmony between physical sciences and aesthetics, design and planning, knowledge of building material, the local climate, and awareness of cultural sensibilities. This volume affirms that aesthetics and arts are deeply linked through existential issues of who I am. The essays in this volume present (...) diverse discursive structures showcasing the in-between spaces between various art forms and mediums, such as, architecture, literature and memory, Kafka in SoHo; Kafka and Bernhard, Kirchner's woodcuts; pictorial and stage representations of E.T.A Hoffmann, Hesse's fairy tales; translations of Pañcatantra; Nietzsche, ritual arts and face masks; martyrdom in La chanson de Roland, Goethe and Hafiz, Indian thought in Martin Buber; Rhythms of the 'Third' across cultures; Dadaism and contemporary memes This book examines these sublime linkages in a comparative and interdisciplinary way. Engaging and intersectional, this volume will appeal to students and scholars of arts and aesthetics, literature, philosophy, architecture, sociology, translation studies and readers who are interested in cultural, intertextual, intermedial, and comparative studies. (shrink)

El programa “Educación en Igualdad” surge de un estudio descriptivo proyectivo, diseñado para mejorar la valoración del enfoque de género en docentes de una institución educativa, en base a las teorías científicas, las características de la unidad de análisis -cuya muestra fue de 30- y al nivel de valoración del enfoque de género identificado con un cuestionario con confiabilidad de 0,963 en el Alfa de Cronbach. El presente artículo busca darlo a conocer como un programa formativo para la transversalización efectiva (...) del enfoque de género, elaborado e implementado bajo un enfoque holístico y transdisciplinar, a través de 15 talleres educativos. (shrink)

BackgroundThe ARRIVE (Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments) guidelines are widely endorsed but compliance is limited. We sought to determine whether journal-requested completion of an ARRIVE checklist improves full compliance with the guidelines.MethodsIn a randomised controlled trial, manuscripts reporting in vivo animal research submitted to PLOS ONE (March–June 2015) were randomly allocated to either requested completion of an ARRIVE checklist or current standard practice. Authors, academic editors, and peer reviewers were blinded to group allocation. Trained reviewers performed outcome adjudication (...) in duplicate by assessing manuscripts against an operationalised version of the ARRIVE guidelines that consists 108 items. Our primary outcome was the between-group differences in the proportion of manuscripts meeting all ARRIVE guideline checklist subitems.ResultsWe randomised 1689 manuscripts (control: n = 844, intervention: n = 845), of which 1269 were sent for peer review and 762 (control: n = 340; intervention: n = 332) accepted for publication. No manuscript in either group achieved full compliance with the ARRIVE checklist. Details of animal husbandry (ARRIVE subitem 9b) was the only subitem to show improvements in reporting, with the proportion of compliant manuscripts rising from 52.1 to 74.1% (X2 = 34.0, df = 1, p = 2.1 × 10−7) in the control and intervention groups, respectively.ConclusionsThese results suggest that altering the editorial process to include requests for a completed ARRIVE checklist is not enough to improve compliance with the ARRIVE guidelines. Other approaches, such as more stringent editorial policies or a targeted approach on key quality items, may promote improvements in reporting. (shrink)

This article rests on the theoretical assumptions of feminist post-structuralist thought and aims at exploring some of their implications. It discusses the notion of nomadic feminist subjectivity and it addresses some of the tensions implicit in this notion. The emphasis falls on two central ideas: on the one hand on bodily materialism and hence also sexuality and sexual difference. On the other hand the necessity is also stressed to nomadize all differences, in order to avoid the recomposition of molar formations (...) the feminist subject. The article concludes by arguing for the need to understand the becoming-woman of the subject as a project that is both political and ethical, and hence requires an open and concrete approach. (shrink)

The ethics of difference developed by Rosi Braidotti is analysed in this article as well as the conception of nomadic and posthuman subjectivity that supports it. Braidotti`s proposal, that it is defined as a firm intent for positivity and immanence, allows us to articulate a coherent and viable alternative to liberal and individualistic ethics, which has its root in traditional humanism, trying also to repair the worst dangers that affect it: the legitimation and reproduction of a violence that prevents and (...) blocks the development of the alterity that does not fit in with the dominant idea of human being. (shrink)

Within a general approach that implies the closely related survey of neurosciences and philosophical thought, the essays collected in the volume develop two main lines of research. The first one, thanks to the contributions of scientists and psychologists , psychoanalysists and bioengineers , allows to fix the attention on the neurobiological, psychological, psychoanalytical and physical remembering. The second one, more specifically philosophical, is declined in three different approaches. the first - with essays by Stefania Achella, Giuseppe D'Anna and Rosario Diana (...) - points to the anlysis of the role played by the rememberance and the prefiguration in the processes of identity construction. The second - with contributions from Fiorella Battaglia, Anna Donise, Sabine Marienberg and Sara Fortuna - focuses on the role of remembering in anthropology and linguistics, as well as the identification of certain diseases of memory. The third, finally - with contributions from Gabriella Baptist, Chiara de Luzenberger and Marco Boninu - tends to define the regulatory function of memory. (shrink)

The term Anthropocene was criticized for its tendency to simplify space and time, through over-universalizing language. Climate change narratives are overwhelmingly white, Eurocentric and masculine. The wealthy minority of the world’s population is responsible for the effects of the Anthropocene, while the consequences fall disproportionately on the poorer sections of humanity. The Anthropocene glosses over these differences, ascribing the Anthropocene to “The Human” as a universal category. This is presented in a classically Enlightenment, humanist fashion, as a single anthropocentric entity. (...) A critique of the excluding aspects of humanism is consequently crucial to Anthropocene research and to critical posthuman thought. Intercultural, post-colonial and de-colonial scholarship from the humanities, feminist and gender theories, and ecological thought are necessary to assess the discriminatory aspects of the humanist legacy and make sure they are not continued in the Anthropocene. (shrink)

Apresentação do Dossier Educação e formação: interesecções epistemológicas.